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	Promoting social justice for millions of children this World Day Against Child Labour by End Violence Against Children Coalition   June 2023   160 million children today are engaged in some form of child labour. That means almost one in ten children worldwide are working to support a living, a practice which often risks their development, hinders education and exposes them to threats violence and exploitation.   World Day Against Child Labour on 12 June is bringing together governments, employers, labour organisations and civil society to highlight the scale of the issue of child labour and spotlight what needs to be done to address it. This year, the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the UN’s main body on work and labour rights, has set the theme of social justice.   An increasingly urgent issue   After nearly two decades of steady progress in reducing child labour, conflicts, climate-related disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic have increased numbers and reverse gains. There has been an increase of 8.4 million children in the last four years – the first increase in two decades. Insufficient economic growth has been a major diver.   These crises have pushed economies behind and families into poverty – forcing millions more children to resort to child labour to support themselves and their families.   Africa and Asia and the Pacific alone account for almost nine out of every ten children in child labour worldwide. Africa has the highest proportion of children in child labour — 72 million children or one-fifth of all children affected. Asia and the Pacific ranks second highest, with 62 million in child labour.   From the food we eat to our smartphones, child labour risks are high in many global supply chains. A recent study by Save the Children Germany looked at the manufacturing, agriculture and mining industries in eight countries across Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East to shed light on the situation of children impacted.   The report found that child labour is almost endemic, highlighting direct evidence of child labour in 10 of 20 child labour risk assessments conducted. A vast majority of these child labour cases are hidden "below the surface" in deeper tiers of the supply chains and informal sectors of work and need to be systematically addressed.   Poverty and exclusion are major drivers of child labour, and in turn, the practice also creates risks and vicious cycles of poverty and exploitation. It harms children’s well-being, stops education, and prevents them from decent income opportunities and employment as adults. It also exposes them to abuse and violence.   The work can be mentally, physically, or even socially harmful for children, especially in the case of “hazardous” labour, which includes work in dangerous, unhealthy conditions that could potentially result in a child being killed, injured or ill due to poor health and safety standards.   The most extreme forms can include modern slavery and trafficking. There is a noted high incidence of violence in the workplace, including ill-treatment by employers and sexual violence of child domestic workers. Violence can be used to coerce children to work and keep them in exploitation.   Calling for collective action   This World Day Against Child Labour, UN agencies and the international community are calling for universal ratification of the ILO Convention on Minimum Age and the universal ratification of ILO Convention on Worst Forms of Child Labour.   Effective implementation of the Durban Call to Action, adopted at the 5th Global Conference for the Elimination of Child Labour in 2022,the call is a blueprint for turning the tide against child labour and calls for the protection of survivors through data-driven and survivor-informed policy and pragmatic responses, education, investment and achieving universal access to social protection.   The global community must act now to end child labour and ensure safe, secure and nurturing childhoods for all children.   Late last year, UNICEF and ILO teamed up to develop knowledge and actionable best practices on government-led social protection systems to address child labour. The report argues that strong social protection systems are necessary for the elimination of child labour, and explores the mechanisms by which social protection can have an impact.   http://www.end-violence.org/articles/world-day-against-child-labour Visit the related web page
	Funds for world’s climate hotspots woefully neglect the needs of children by Children’s Environmental Rights Initiative   June 2023   Children are being failed by climate funding commitments, despite bearing the brunt of the climate crisis, according to a new report from members of the Children’s Environmental Rights Initiative (CERI) coalition; Plan International, Save the Children, and UNICEF.   Just 2.4% of key global climate funds can be classified as supporting child-responsive activities, the report finds. According to UNICEF’s Children’s Climate Risk Index, more than a billion children are at extremely high risk of the impacts of the climate crisis.   Maria Marshall, a 13-year-old UNICEF child advocate and climate activist from Barbados said, “Children are the future, but our future is shaped by the actions of those making decisions in the present, and our voices are not being heard. As this report shows, funding climate solutions is an obligation, but how that money is spent also matters. Children’s needs and perspectives must be included.”   The study, Falling short: addressing the climate finance gap for children used a set of three criteria to assess if climate finance from key multilateral climate funds (MCFs) serving the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement were: addressing the distinct and heightened risks they experience from the climate crisis, strengthening the resilience of child-critical social services and empowering children as agents of change.   “The findings are stark,” said Kabita Bose, Country Director at Plan International Bangladesh. “Urgent and effective investment is key to adapting to climate change, and is particularly critical for children, especially girls who are highly susceptible to the short and long-term impacts. Yet current spending almost ignores children entirely – this needs to change.”   The report found that out of all the money given by MCFs for climate-related projects over a period of 17 years until March 2023, only a small portion (2.4%) met all three of the requirements which amounted to only $1.2 billion. The report also says that this number likely reflects an overestimate, meaning that even less money may have met all the requirements.   Children most affected by climate emergency   “Children, especially those already affected by inequality and discrimination, have done the least to cause climate change but are most affected by it. Climate finance offers an opportunity to tackle these injustices by considering the needs and perspectives of children,” said Kelley Toole, Global Head of Climate Change at Save the Children.   “This has been woefully inadequate to date but can and must change. To really tackle the climate crisis, we must put child rights at the heart of our response and ensure children’s voices are heard”.   While MCFs provide a relatively small share of overall climate finance, the degree to which these funds consider children matters greatly.   MCFs have a vital role to play in agenda-setting, and in catalysing and coordinating investments by other public and private finance institutions, including at national levels, which are necessary to drive a broader change.   Children are disproportionately vulnerable to water and food scarcity, water-borne diseases, and physical and psychological trauma, all of which have been linked to both extreme weather events and slow-onset climate effects.   There is also evidence that changing weather patterns are disrupting children’s access to basic services such as education, healthcare, and clean drinking water.   We must fund adaptation   “Every child is exposed to at least one – and often multiple – climate hazards. The finance and investment that is desperately needed to adapt critical social services like health and water to climate hazards is insufficient and largely blind to the urgent and unique needs of children. This must change. The climate crisis is a child rights crisis, and climate finance must reflect this,” said Paloma Escudero, Special Adviser for Climate Advocacy at UNICEF.   The report highlights that when it comes to children, they are often viewed as a vulnerable group rather than being recognised as active stakeholders or agents of change. Less than 4% of projects, amounting to just 7% of MCF investment ($2.58 billion), give explicit and meaningful consideration to the needs and involvement of girls.   Children face increased risks because of climate crisis   The report is informed by the voices of children from around the world, who said that they face increased risks because of climate change.   A teenage girl in Zimbabwe said, “In Chiredzi, we learned that some girls cannot swim across flooded rivers to go to school or go home whilst boys can. Girls must walk for up to 10-15km to get to school. They get tired along the way before they even start classes.”   A 13-year-old boy from Bangladesh added, “Lots of large-scale disasters hit our district which causes people to become impoverished, and children like us are engaged in child labour.”   The Children’s Environmental Rights Initiative coalition is urging multilateral climate funds, as well as other climate finance providers providing climate finance at both the international and national levels, to act quickly and address the adaptation gap.   They are specifically calling for funding to cover losses and damages caused by climate change. This funding should prioritise the well-being of children and critical social services that support them. The focus should be on reaching and assisting the children who are most vulnerable and at high risk due to climate impacts.   http://plan-international.org/news/2023/06/22/climate-funds-neglect-childrens-needs-report/ http://www.unicef.org/press-releases/funds-worlds-climate-hotspots-woefully-neglect-needs-children-new-report-finds http://www.savethechildren.net/news/five-ways-which-heatwaves-threaten-child-rights-education-daily-meals http://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/pdf/born-into-the-climate-crisis.pdf/ Visit the related web page
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